The EEE virus is not spread by people and horses with the disease. In Connecticut, there are 52 different mosquito species. Since , EEE virus has been isolated from mosquitoes in Connecticut every year except , usually during September and early October.
The virus is generally maintained by an exclusive bird-biting mosquito called Culiseta melanura , but has been found in 9 other mosquito species in Connecticut, 6 of which are known to bite people. You should try to reduce the risk of being bitten by mosquitoes.
If EEE is found in your area, you should:. NOTE: These measures also help to protect against infection with West Nile virus, another virus transmitted by mosquitoes. It is usually not necessary to limit outdoor activities. However, you can and should try to reduce your risk of being bitten by mosquitoes by reducing standing water in your yard and taking personal precautions to prevent mosquito bites.
The State of Connecticut has prepared a plan to address the public health threat posed by diseases that are carried by mosquitoes and has devised a preventive strategy to minimize the impact. Local communities are implementing various control measures based on geographic location and level of risk. For more information regarding activities in your specific area, contact your local health department.
Contact your local health department. For specific questions on human infections, contact the Connecticut Department of Public Health at State of Connecticut Mosquito Management Program. What are the symptoms of EEE? Symptoms usually occur 3 to 10 days after an infected mosquito bites a person.
What is the treatment for EEE? Is there a vaccine to protect humans from EEE? Have there been any human cases of EEE in Connecticut? Have there been any horse cases of EEE in Connecticut? While an effective commercial vaccine exists for horses and birds, there is no specific treatment for EEE. Treatment of wild, free-ranging animals is typically impractical.
Unlike horses and birds, there is currently no vaccine approved for use in deer or other wildlife. Mosquito control is the primary method of control and prevention of EEE.
People should protect themselves by using insect repellents and wearing protective clothing while outside during mosquito season. It is also important to eliminate mosquito breeding sites standing water and make sure that all house screens are intact to keep mosquitoes out. Ponds and pools can be treated with mosquito dunks that kills mosquito larvae. Hunters are reminded not to shoot or consume sick animals, and to wear gloves and eye protection when processing game. Cooking game to an internal temperature of oF will kill this and any other viruses, as well as bacteria.
Skip to main content. Cause Eastern Equine Encephalitis EEE is a zoonotic viral disease that is maintained in bird reservoirs, transmitted by mosquitoes, and sometimes causes fatal neurological disease in mammals. Significance EEE rarely infects humans and only a few cases a year are reported in the United States.
Species Affected EEE causes subclinical infection in a wide variety of wild birds. Transmission The EEE virus is primarily transmitted by mosquitoes. Clinical Signs Most wild birds and mammals do not show clinical signs of disease. Diagnosis A preliminary diagnosis of EEE can be made on the basis of clinical signs and microscopic examination of the brain tissue that demonstrates the encephalitis.
Treatment While an effective commercial vaccine exists for horses and birds, there is no specific treatment for EEE. Management Unlike horses and birds, there is currently no vaccine approved for use in deer or other wildlife. Eastern Equine Encephalitis. Hansen, W. Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis. Pages in M. Friend, and J. Franson, technical editors. There is no specific therapy for viral encephalitis except supportive care.
Supportive care includes fluids, anti-inflammatory agents, and anticonvulsants if necessary. For wild animals this type of care is unrealistic. There is no vaccine for EEE that can be used on wild deer. There is a killed vaccine that has proven to be effective in horses. Mosquito control can reduce the likelihood of contact with the vector and the virus. Vector control can include eliminating breeding sites water management , control of native insects larvae and adults , and protection of the hosts from insect predators.
Precautions humans can take to reduce the risk of exposure are: use insect repellants for personal protection; keep tight screens on windows, doors, and porches; and use protective clothing. If a wild deer appears sick or acts abnormal, it should not be handled or consumed.
EEE is a zoonotic disease that can infect humans, horses, and deer. The disease appears to have a minimal impact on wild deer populations in North America. EEE is not likely to be a major mortality factor in deer but it is possible that it could impact a local population.
Because EEE can be transmitted to humans by mosquitoes, people should take the necessary precautions to avoid exposure to these insects. It is unlikely but possible that humans could become infected with EEE by getting brain or spinal cord matter from an infected deer in their eyes, lungs, or skin wounds.
Although it occurs only rarely, EEE remains an important zoonotic disease in Michigan from public health and economic perspectives. Browsers that can not handle javascript will not be able to access some features of this site. Some functions of this site are disabled for browsers blocking jQuery.
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